Onions

Onions: Main Image

Buying Tips

Onions are available all year long. Green onions are available in the spring and summer. Sweet onions are available from April through July. Look for firm, heavy onions, and avoid any with brown, soft, or translucent spots, or those that have begun to sprout. Green onions, scallions, leeks, and ramps should have crisp, bright greens with no signs of wilting.

Varieties

Onions come in a variety of sizes, from the size of large marbles to softballs. Onion varieties include full-flavored and versatile yellow onions; cipollini; white onions, which have a higher water content and are slightly sweeter; Spanish onions, which are very large yellow onions; and red onions, also called Bermuda onions, which are sweeter and milder. Sweet onions, such as Vidalia, Maui, and Walla Walla onions, named after the locations in which they’re grown, are usually available only during spring and summer. Green onions are small, with their tender greens still attached, and have a fresh, bright flavor. Scallions are long and slender, with white roots fading into green tops, and a delicate flavor. Leeks look like larger scallions and have an earthier flavor. Ramps look like tiny leeks, but the greens are delicate and can be used with the white bulbs, and the flavor is more assertive and wild. Shallots are sold as firm, violet-tinged bulbs in golden skins; they have a more intense flavor, without the harshness of onions or garlic.

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The information presented in the Food Guide is for informational purposes only and was created by a team of US–registered dietitians and food experts. Consult your doctor, practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements, making dietary changes, or before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires December 2025.