Summer melons include the following:

Watermelon

This large melon can weigh from just a few pounds (about 454 to 1,360 grams) to up to 90 pounds (40.5 kg). It has a water content of up to 95 percent and is a popular summer treat, eaten sliced, or cut into fruit salad. It wears a green rind (some varieties have pale green stripes), with red, white, yellow, or pink flesh, and can be found in a round, oval, or oblong shape, with seeds and seedless. The watermelon is said to be African in origin, with over 50 varieties in existence worldwide.

Cantaloupe

Called Charentais in France, cantaloupes have orange flesh and a distinctive taupe, rough-surfaced rind, sometimes with green stripes. What Americans call cantaloupes are in reality a variety of muskmelon.

Muskmelon

Also called netted melons, muskmelons are round, with orange flesh and a ruddy beige “netted” skin. Several hybrid varieties exist that combine desirable characteristics of the muskmelon and cantaloupe.

Cranshaw

This is an oval-shaped summer melon with a golden-yellow rind.

Winter melons (available in American markets, but imported from tropical climates) include the following:

Honeydew

These melons have a smooth, pale-green to creamy yellow skin with sweet, pale-green flesh. Honeydews can range in shape from round to oval and usually weigh from 3 to 6 pounds (about 1,362 to 2724g).

Casaba

Casabas are round or oval melons with yellow or orange skin that is green at the ends. The flesh is creamy white.

Canary

Fragrant when ripe, these oblong melons have bright yellow rinds and sweet, off-white flesh.

Persian

This variety looks like a large muskmelon. It has dark green skin with taupe netting and firm orange flesh.

Prince

Similar to a honeydew in outer appearance, the round Prince melon has orange flesh.

Ogen

This is a small, round, hybrid melon created in the 1960s on an Israeli kibbutz. It usually has green to yellow skin with juicy pink or light green flesh.

Galia

Also an Israeli hybrid, this melon has a beige rind and aromatic, light green flesh.

Santa Claus

This oblong melon has yellow skin with prominent green and black stripes. The Santa Claus melon has a pale green flesh similar to that of a honeydew.